Factors Affecting Blood Glucose Levels.

Factors Affecting Blood Glucose Levels.

Factors Determining Blood Glucose Level

these are some factor  that effect blood glucose level which help you know more glucose test and process of glycogenes. these are 

1. Insulin
2. Glucagon
3. Adrenalin
4. Growth hormone
5.Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
6. Corticosteroid hormones
7. Thyroxine 

1. Insulin 

Insulin is a hormone produced and secreted by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It is the most important hormone that regulates the level of glucose in the blood, the rate of its absorption and its conversion to glycogen. 

• Its secretion is stimulated by a rise in the blood glucose level and by some gastrointestinal hormones, some sugars and fatty acids. In the absence of insulin, the blood glucose level rises. 

2. Glucagon 

Glucagon is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. It stimulates:

1. Breakdown of stored glycogen
2. Liver gluconeogenesis
3. Hepatic lipolysis.

Thus, when this hormone is secreted, the blood glucose and free fatty acid levels rise. 

3. Adrenalin

Thehormone, adrenalin(epinephrine) is produced and secreted in the medulla of the adrenal gland. It increases glycogenolysis and inhibits the uptake of glucose in the tissues, thus resulting in rise in the blood glucose level. 

4. Growth hormone 

Growth hormone (somatotrophic hormone) is synthesised in the anterior pituitary gland. It inhibits the uptake of glucose by tissues and increases liver glucose output. It also helps in gluconeogenesis of fat. In this way, it increases the overall blood glucose level. 

5. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 

This hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary. Its action is similar to that of the growth hormone as it inhibits the action of insulin.

6. Corticosteroid hormones 

These hormones are also known as glucocorticoids and are secreted by the adrenal cortex. They inhibit the action of insulin thus blocking glucose utilisation by the tissues and promoting the use of protein instead of glucose for the production of heat and energy. 

7. Thyroxine 

It is one of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland. It increases the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract and stimulates glycogenolysis. It promotes an increase in blood glucose level by degrading insulin.

6. Corticosteroid hormones 

These hormones are also known as glucocorticoids and are secreted by the adrenal cortex. They inhibit the action of insulin thus blocking glucose utilisation by the tissues and promoting the use of protein instead of glucose for the production of heat and energy. 

7. Thyroxine 

It is one of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland. It increases the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract and stimulates glycogenolysis. It promotes an increase in blood glucose level by degrading insulin